Measure (Bar)
A grouping of beats divided by a vertical line on the staff.

Time signature (a/b)
Shows the quality and the quantity of beats in one measure. The quantity of the beats cannot exceed the written number in each measure.

Numerator(a): Quantity of the beats

Denominator(b): Quality of the beat.
Whole note – 1
Half note – 2
Quarter note – 4
Eighth note – 8

4/4 means there are 4 quarter notes in one measure.

3/4 means there are 3 quarter notes in one measure.

12/8 means there are 12 eighth notes in one measure.

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